Chapter 12 (Friend)

Chapter 12     Responding to student behavior

-Discipline – term to describe the set of classroom expectations, including rules for behavior, that serves as a means for facilitating student learning

-Positive behavioral interventions and supports (PBIS) – strategies for preventing behavior challenges as well as techniques for addressing common and intense behavior problems; PBIS is based on clearly defined outcomes, behavioral and biomedical science, research-validated practices, and systematic approaches   http://www.pbis.org/   

-token economy – group behavior  management procedure in which students earn a representative or token currency for appropriate behavior that can later be exchanged for rewards

-surface behaviors – initial student behaviors that teachers could interpret as misbehavior. Responding appropriately to surface behaviors can prevent them from escalating into more serious discipline problems

-functional behavior assessment (FBA) – the process of gathering detailed data on a student’s behavior and the context in which it occurs for the purpose of determining the reasons for it and creating a behavior intervention plan. This process is required by federal law when a student with a disability has significant behavior problem   http://cecp.air.org/fba/default.asp 

-Collecting data to better understand the behavior

                      -anecdotal recording, event recording, permanent product recording, duration recording, interval recording, time sampling

-behavior intervention plan (BIP) – a detailed strategy, developed on the basis of a functional  behavior assessment, to address significant behavior problems being experienced by a student with a disability. The plan typically includes detailed descriptions of interventions, persons responsible, a timeline, and methods for data collection. This plan is required by federal law when a student with a disability has significant behavior problems    http://www.projectstay.com/pdf/BehaviorInterventionPlan.pdf

-positive reinforcement – a consequence to a behavior that causes it to increase.

-negative reinforcement – a potential  negative consequence to a behavior that causes the behavior to increase

-types of reinforcers  - social, activity, tangible, primary

-differential reinforcement of compatible behaviors – reinforcing an appropriate behavior that is incompatible with another undesirable behavior in order to increase the positive behavior

Removal punishment – taking away from a student something that is desired as a strategy for decreasing inappropriate behavior

Response cost – type of removal punishment in which a student loses privileges or other rewards as a consequence of inappropriate behavior

-presentation punishment – presenting negative consequences as a strategy for decreasing behavior

-behavior contract- agreement between a teacher and a student that clearly specifies student performance expectations, rewards for meeting expectations, consequences of not meeting expectations, and the time frame for which the agreement is valid.

-Cognitive behavior management (CBM) – behavior management strategy in which students learn to monitor and change their own behavior

 -teaching cognitive behavior management strategies-

                   -discuss the strategy with the student and present a rationale for its use.

                  -model for the student what you expect

                  - provide practice and feedback